Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of acute cholecystitis (AC) and review its possible management options during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The present systematic review and meta-analysis was done in accordance with the PRISMA guideline. In August 2021, two independent reviewers reviewed a number of articles with the aim of finding studies on the management of acute cholecystitis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Articles were searched in the Cochrane, Embassies, and Medline libraries. Using the Stata statistical software 14, the estimated pooled rates were calculated. Funnel plot and I2 indices were applied for evaluating the heterogeneity between the studies. Results: An overall of 8 studies consisting of 654 patients suspected for AC were included. The prevalence of COVID-19 among our included patients was 82 (95 CI: 79-84, I2: 99.2). Regarding the type of management, 35 (95 CI: 26-45, I2: 46.9) of patients undergone cholecystectomy, 47 (95 CI: 43-51, I2: 54.4) were managed by non-surgical methods, and 19 (95 CI: 14-23, I2: 68.1) of patients were treated by percutaneous cholecystostomy. The prevalence of grade 2 and 3 among our patients was 44 and 15, respectively. Conclusions: Considering the fact that due to the current pandemic, the number of patients referring with higher grades is assumed to be increased, early cholecystectomy remains the best management option for AC patients. However, LC seems not to be the most favorable option since it is associated with a relatively higher risk of contamination with COVID-19. PC can also be considered as a temporary and safe method in high-risk patients which might enable us to protect both patients and healthcare providers.