Abstract

After respiratory and digestive infection, urinary tract infection is the most common disease in children and it counts for 2 of cases visiting pediatricians. Due to the excessive consumption of antibiotics with different dosages and insufficient time, the resistance and strength of different strains change so constantly that it is necessary to review the process of these changes every 3 to 5 years. The main objective of the present study is evaluating antibiotic resistance in urinary tract infection in children younger than 14 years old visiting Imam Ali Hospital in 2016. The present cross-sectional study reviewed clinical records of patients hospitalized in Imam Ali hospital of Zahedan due to urinary tract infection in 2016. Required data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed through SPSS18 and chi square test; P<0.05 was considered significance level. Out of 100 patients, 68 subjects (68) were female and 32 cases (32) were male; 4 main germs causing urinary tract infection were studied, out of which E.coli was the most (65) and Staphylococcus the least common (42) causes of infection. The highest resistance rate against infection generating factors turned out to be 89 in girls and 91 in boys in case of ampicillin and 73 for girls and 67 for boys in case of cotrimoxazole; the lowest resistance rate turned out to be 7 in girls and 16 in boys and was related to amikacin. The results of the present study confirm increasing drug resistance in different pathogens. In fact, urine culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing are necessary before the onset of treatment and appropriate antibiotic selection. It is recommended for further studies to investigate antibiotic resistance in urinary tract infections in children around the world.